勞動參與率計算器：就業與失業
Turn employment population counts into labor force participation and workforce indicators.
Enter employed people, unemployed people, and the working-age population; country and year are optional reference fields.
勞動參與率計算器：就業與失業
Turn employment population counts into labor force participation and workforce indicators.
About Labor Force Participation and Unemployment Rates
Labor force participation is the share of the working-age population that is either employed or actively looking for work. It is not the unemployment rate. Unemployment divides job seekers by the labor force; participation divides the labor force by the working-age population. A falling unemployment rate can coincide with falling participation if people leave the labor force.
The labor force participation rate calculator sets labor force = employed + unemployed. Participation rate = labor force ÷ working-age population × 100. Employment-to-population ratio = employed ÷ working-age population × 100. Unemployment rate = unemployed ÷ labor force × 100, or zero if the labor force is zero. With 150 million employed, 8 million unemployed, and 200 million working age, the labor force is 158 million, participation is 79.00%, the employment-population ratio is 75.00%, and unemployment is 5.06%.
Economists, journalists, and students use these identities to read a jobs report. Optional country and year fields are labels only; they do not change the arithmetic. Definitions still matter. Official statistics usually count people 16 and older in the United States, exclude the armed forces from the civilian noninstitutional population, and require recent job-search activity to be classified as unemployed. Entering “working age” as everyone 15–64, as many international tables do, will not match a BLS headline.
Do not mix seasonally adjusted totals with not-seasonally-adjusted counts, and do not add underemployed or part-time-for-economic-reasons into unemployed unless you are building a different U-6-style measure. The calculator does not apply survey weights or seasonal adjustment. It is a transparent identity so you can reproduce a published rate or test how a change in employment would move participation. Age mix matters: an older population can lower participation even when age-specific rates are stable. If you compare countries or decades, hold the age definition fixed and say whether armed forces and institutionalized people are inside the working-age count.
Labor Force Participation Rate Calculator Worked Examples
Use these worked scenarios to check inputs and understand how the estimate responds.
| Inputs | Result | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| 150 million employed, 8 million unemployed, 200 million working age | 79.00% participation; 5.06% unemployment | The labor force contains 158 million people. |
| 60 million employed, 3 million unemployed, 80 million working age | 78.75% participation; 4.76% unemployment | Participation measures people working or seeking work. |
| 45 million employed, 5 million unemployed, 70 million working age | 71.43% participation; 10.00% unemployment | A smaller working-age base raises both participation and the unemployment rate versus a larger population. |
How to Calculate Labor Force Participation
- Enter employed, unemployed, and working-age population on the same definition and date.
- Optionally label the country and year; those fields are notes and do not affect the rates.
- Select Calculate to see participation, the employment-population ratio, unemployment, and the labor force.
- Change unemployed or working-age population to see how participation and unemployment can move in opposite directions.
Labor Force Participation Rate Calculator FAQ
What is the labor force participation rate?
It is (employed + unemployed) divided by the working-age population, times 100. It measures how much of the population is in the labor market, not how many of those people have jobs.
How is the unemployment rate different from participation?
Unemployment is unemployed divided by the labor force. People who are not looking for work are outside the labor force, so they lower participation without raising unemployment.
What is the employment-to-population ratio?
It is employed divided by the working-age population. Unlike the unemployment rate, it does not depend on whether non-working people are classified as unemployed or as out of the labor force.
Who counts as unemployed?
In official surveys, unemployed people are without a job, available to work, and actively searching. Enter the count that matches the definition you are reproducing; the calculator does not recode survey microdata.
Why can unemployment fall while the job market looks weaker?
If people stop looking for work they leave the labor force. Unemployment can decline even as employment is flat, which is why participation and the employment-population ratio should be read alongside it.