Albumin Globulin Ratio Calculator

The albumin-to-globulin ratio, commonly called the A/G ratio, compares two broad groups of proteins in blood serum. Albumin is produced mainly by the liver and helps maintain fluid balance while carrying hormones, medications, fatty acids, and other substances. Globulins include antibodies, transport proteins, enzymes, and proteins involved in inflammation and clotting. The ratio is calculated by dividing albumin by globulin when both measurements use the same units. A common reference range is approximately 1.0 to 2.5, although laboratories use their own methods and intervals. A low ratio can result from low albumin, increased globulins, or both. Potential contexts include liver disease, kidney protein loss, chronic inflammation, infection, autoimmune disorders, and some plasma-cell conditions. A high ratio can reflect relatively low globulins, dehydration, or less commonly an immune deficiency. The ratio by itself cannot identify the cause. Values close to a boundary should not be overinterpreted because normal biological and analytical variation can shift the result. Globulin may be measured directly, but it is often calculated by subtracting albumin from total protein. This calculator also adds the entered albumin and globulin to show the corresponding total protein. Results should be checked against the original laboratory report because rounding can create small differences. Enter values from the same specimen and use matching units; a ratio cannot be calculated correctly if one value is in g/dL and the other is in g/L without conversion. A repeated test may be useful when an unexpected change conflicts with previous results. Interpretation begins with the individual albumin, globulin, and total protein measurements rather than the ratio alone. Clinicians may consider liver enzymes, kidney function, urine protein, hydration, nutrition, inflammatory markers, blood counts, and symptoms. Albumin can change during acute illness and may be affected by fluid status, protein loss, and reduced production. If globulin abnormalities persist, serum protein electrophoresis or immunoglobulin testing may be appropriate depending on the situation. Normal ranges can vary with age, pregnancy, health status, and testing platform. This calculator is an educational arithmetic aid and does not diagnose liver, kidney, immune, or blood disorders. Discuss an unexpected result with a qualified healthcare professional who can review the complete laboratory panel and medical history.