Titration Calculator

A titration determines an unknown solution concentration by reacting it with a solution whose concentration is known. The known solution is the titrant, commonly delivered from a burette, while the sample being measured is the analyte. At the equivalence point, the reacting amounts match the mole ratio in the balanced chemical equation. This calculator rearranges that relationship to solve for analyte molarity, analyte volume, titrant molarity, or titrant volume. It is useful for acid-base titrations, redox titrations, complexometric work, and other reactions with a clear stoichiometric endpoint. The core relationship compares moles divided by each species' stoichiometric coefficient. Because molarity multiplied by volume gives an amount proportional to moles, the equation can use both volumes in milliliters as long as they share the same unit. The conversion factors cancel. Coefficients must come from the balanced reaction, not from subscripts in a chemical formula. For a one-to-one reaction such as hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide, both coefficients are one. For sulfuric acid reacting completely with sodium hydroxide, the acid coefficient is one and the base coefficient is two. Select the quantity you need before entering data. The calculator hides that unknown and requires positive values for everything else. Report molarity in moles per liter and volumes in milliliters. The numerical result should still be interpreted using the precision of the experimental measurements. Burette readings, endpoint detection, solution preparation, temperature, and glassware calibration all contribute uncertainty that a purely arithmetic result cannot remove. An equivalence point is the theoretical point where stoichiometric amounts have reacted. An indicator color change or an instrument signal marks an observed endpoint, which may differ slightly. This tool assumes that the selected endpoint accurately represents equivalence and that the reaction is complete, selective, and described by the entered coefficients. It does not calculate a full pH curve or choose an indicator. For laboratory reporting, retain the original observations, repeat concordant trials, average acceptable titres, and apply the laboratory's significant-figure and uncertainty rules.